Local Law 126: Parking Structure Inspections

Understanding the safety law requiring periodic inspection of parking structures, why it was enacted, and how to maintain compliance to prevent structural failures.

What is Local Law 126?

Local Law 126, enacted in 2021, requires buildings with parking structures (garages or other parking facilities) to conduct comprehensive structural safety inspections every six years. The inspections must be performed by a licensed Professional Engineer (PE) or Registered Architect (RA) and must examine all structural elements, traffic-bearing surfaces, and safety systems.

The law applies to above-ground and below-ground parking structures, whether they're standalone garages or integrated into mixed-use buildings. It covers both public and private parking facilities, including residential building garages, commercial parking garages, and parking areas in office or retail buildings.

Why This Law Exists

Parking structures face unique and severe structural stresses. They must support extremely heavy loads (vehicles can weigh 2–6 tons each), experience constant vibration and impact from traffic, and are exposed to road salt, moisture, temperature extremes, and chemical exposure from vehicle fluids. This combination accelerates deterioration of concrete and structural steel.

Unlike building facades where problems are visible, parking structure deterioration often happens internally—concrete spalling conceals rebar corrosion, hidden cracks propagate through slabs, and post-tensioning cables rust inside concrete. By the time problems are visible, structural integrity may already be compromised.

Several parking structure collapses across the United States—including a 2009 collapse in Manhattan's financial district that injured multiple people—demonstrated the need for mandatory periodic inspection. Local Law 126 is intended to identify and address deterioration before catastrophic failure occurs. Even partial collapses during occupancy would be devastating, potentially causing multiple fatalities.

Who Must Comply?

Covered structures:

Any building with parking facilities, including:

  • Standalone parking garages (above or below ground)
  • Residential buildings with parking levels or garages
  • Commercial buildings with parking structures
  • Mixed-use buildings with parking components
  • Surface parking lots with structural elements (elevated sections, support systems)

Exemptions:

Very limited. Simple at-grade surface parking lots without structural elements don't require inspection. However, if your parking area has any elevated sections, structural support systems, or covered/enclosed portions, it likely falls under LL126.

Inspection Requirements

Local Law 126 inspections are comprehensive structural safety examinations conducted by qualified structural engineers or architects. The inspection is far more detailed than routine maintenance checks.

What Gets Inspected

Structural Elements

  • Concrete slabs and decks: Traffic-bearing surfaces, looking for cracks, spalling, deterioration, and structural adequacy
  • Structural beams and columns: Supporting elements, checking for cracking, corrosion, deflection, and connection integrity
  • Post-tensioning systems: If present, specialized examination of tensioning cables and anchors for corrosion and integrity
  • Foundations and below-grade elements: Supporting structure, checking for settlement, cracking, water infiltration damage
  • Expansion joints: Joints allowing for movement, ensuring they're functioning and not damaged
  • Waterproofing and drainage: Systems protecting structure from water damage

Safety Systems and Appurtenances

  • Guardrails and barriers: Protection at edges and ramps, checking structural connections and adequacy
  • Traffic surfaces: Wearing surfaces, wheel stops, markings, ensuring safe vehicle operation
  • Lighting and electrical: Adequate illumination for safety, checking for hazards from deteriorating systems
  • Fire protection systems: Sprinklers and fire safety equipment in enclosed garages
  • Ventilation systems: For enclosed/covered parking, checking operation and adequacy

Testing and Assessment Methods

  • Visual examination: Comprehensive walk-through documenting all visible conditions
  • Concrete testing: Hammer sounding, core sampling if needed to assess concrete quality and depth of deterioration
  • Chloride testing: Measuring salt penetration into concrete
  • Rebar scanning: Using ground-penetrating radar or cover meters to locate reinforcing steel and assess corrosion
  • Load testing: In some cases, structural load tests to verify capacity
  • Post-tensioning inspection: Specialized examination if structure uses post-tensioned concrete

The Inspection Process

Step 1: Determine Your Compliance Cycle

Inspections are required every six years. The initial inspection deadline was assigned based on when your parking structure was built or when LL126 took effect. Check DOB records for your specific deadline. Subsequent inspections must occur within six years of your last report filing.

Step 2: Retain Qualified Inspector

Hire a licensed Professional Engineer (PE) or Registered Architect (RA) with structural engineering expertise and specific experience inspecting parking structures. Get multiple proposals and check references for similar projects.

Step 3: Conduct Comprehensive Inspection

Inspector examines entire parking structure, documents all conditions with photographs and measurements, performs necessary testing (chloride, concrete cores, etc.), and assesses structural adequacy and safety. May require partial closure of areas during inspection.

Step 4: Classify Structural Condition

Based on findings, inspector classifies the structure:

  • Safe: Structure in good condition with no significant defects
  • Safe With Repair and Maintenance Program (SWARMP): Some deterioration found but not immediately dangerous. Requires repair within the cycle plus ongoing maintenance program.
  • Unsafe: Critical issues requiring immediate protective measures. Report must be sent to DOB within 24 hours and implement protective measures (closure, shoring, reduced capacity) until repairs completed.

Step 5: File Technical Report with DOB

Inspector files detailed Parking Structure Periodic Inspection (PSPI) report through DOB NOW portal, including condition classification, findings, repair recommendations, and photographs. Report must include structural calculations if needed to verify safety.

Step 6: Complete Required Repairs

If repairs are mandated, hire qualified structural engineering firm and contractors to complete work. For SWARMP conditions, repairs must be done within the six-year cycle. Unsafe conditions require immediate repairs with proper engineering oversight and DOB permits.

Step 7: File Amended Report

After repairs are completed, file Amended Technical Report certifying all required work has been done and structure is now in satisfactory condition. This closes out the inspection cycle.

AKME's Approach to LL126 Compliance

We help building owners plan for parking structure inspections and repairs through comprehensive capital planning and reserve fund analysis. Our network of qualified structural engineers provides competitive proposals for inspection work—with transparent pricing and no kickbacks.

If repairs are needed, we coordinate with structural engineering firms and specialized concrete contractors to develop cost-effective solutions. We help prioritize repairs based on safety and budget, secure competitive bids, and provide oversight to ensure work is completed properly. Our goal is protecting your investment and ensuring structural safety while managing costs effectively.

For more information

Official Local Law 126 page